1-Chlorodecane CAS:1002-69-3

1-Chlorodecane (C10H21Cl) is a straight-chain primary alkyl chloride characterized by a chlorine atom bonded to the first carbon of a decane molecule. As a member of the alkyl halide family, it possesses specific physical and chemical properties typical of this class of compounds. It appears as a clear, colorless liquid and has a relatively high boiling point due to its larger molecular mass compared to shorter-chain chlorinated hydrocarbons. Its hydrophobic nature results in very low water solubility but allows it to dissolve easily in many organic solvents such as ether and chloroform. The synthesis of 1-chlorodecane can be achieved through various methods, including the direct chlorination of decane or the reaction of decanol with chlorinating agents like thionyl chloride (SOCl2) or phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5). These synthetic routes allow for the efficient production of 1-chlorodecane in both laboratory and industrial settings. In organic chemistry, 1-chlorodecane serves as a crucial intermediate for synthesizing more complex molecules. The presence of the chlorine atom allows it to undergo nucleophilic substitution reactions, where the chloride ion can be replaced by a variety of nucleophiles, facilitating the formation of new carbon–carbon bonds. This reactivity is valuable for producing specialty chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals. Additionally, due to its long hydrocarbon chain, 1-chlorodecane is often utilized in formulating surfactants and emulsifiers, where its hydrophobic properties enhance the effectiveness of the formulations in detergents, personal care products, and other applications requiring stability and improved performance. When handling 1-chlorodecane, proper safety precautions must be observed, as it is flammable and may pose health risks upon exposure. Using appropriate protective equipment and following safety guidelines is critical. In summary, 1-chlorodecane is an essential compound with diverse applications, highlighting its significance in both research and industry within the field of organic chemistry.