2′-Fluoro-2′-deoxyuridine CAS:784-71-4

2'-Fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FdU) is a synthetic nucleoside analogue of deoxyuridine, distinguished by the replacement of the 2' hydroxyl group on the ribose sugar with a fluorine atom. This structural modification imparts unique chemical properties that enhance the compound's stability and biological activity compared to natural nucleosides. FdU is primarily recognized for its utility in both antiviral and anticancer therapies, positioning it as a critical agent in the field of medicinal chemistry. The mechanism of action for 2'-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine involves its incorporation into DNA during replication. Once incorporated, FdU can disrupt the normal functioning of the DNA synthesis process. It acts as a chain terminator, preventing further elongation of the DNA strand. This property is particularly advantageous in targeting rapidly dividing cancer cells and viral pathogens, as these cells rely heavily on nucleotide synthesis for proliferation. In oncology, FdU has been used as a component of combination chemotherapy regimens, especially against solid tumors, due to its ability to selectively target tumor cells while minimizing effects on normal cells. Its role as a thymidine analogue makes it effective in inhibiting thymidylate synthase, an enzyme critical for DNA synthesis and repair. Moreover, FdU has garnered attention in virology, particularly in treating infections caused by certain viruses, including HIV and hepatitis B virus. The incorporation of FdU into viral DNA can impede viral replication, providing a potential treatment avenue for chronic viral infections. The ongoing research into 2'-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine continues to explore its efficacy and safety profiles in various clinical settings. New formulations and delivery methods are being investigated to maximize its therapeutic potential while minimizing side effects. Overall, FdU represents a significant advancement in the development of targeted therapies, highlighting the importance of nucleoside analogs in modern medicine.