2,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid CAS:99-50-3

2,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHBA), with the molecular formula C₇H₆O₃, is an aromatic compound that belongs to the class of hydroxybenzoic acids. Its structure comprises a benzene ring substituted with two hydroxyl groups at the 2 and 4 positions, which significantly influence its chemical reactivity and biological activity. DHBA is a colorless to pale yellow solid that is soluble in water and many organic solvents. One of the primary applications of 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid lies in its role as a precursor in the synthesis of various pharmaceutical compounds. The presence of hydroxyl groups allows for further functionalization, enabling the production of biologically active derivatives that may exhibit therapeutic properties. Moreover, DHBA has been studied for its antimicrobial activity, showing potential against a range of pathogens, which makes it a candidate for developing new antibacterial agents. In addition to its pharmaceutical relevance, DHBA plays a significant role in analytical chemistry as a reagent or standard in chromatographic methods. It can be used for the calibration of instruments like high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the quantitative analysis of other compounds. Furthermore, 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid finds applications in agriculture, where it may be utilized as a herbicide or fungicide. Its ability to inhibit certain enzymes in target organisms contributes to its effectiveness as a protective agent in crops, although thorough research is necessary to establish safety and environmental impact. The compound also serves as an imporatant intermediate in the dye industry, contributing to the synthesis of various colorants used in textiles and plastics. Due to its versatile chemical properties, 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid continues to attract interest in both academic and industrial research settings, highlighting its potential in advancing material science, pharmaceuticals, and agricultural innovations.