3-Hydroxybenzoic acid CAS:99-06-9

3-Hydroxybenzoic acid, commonly recognized as salicylic acid, is a colorless to white crystalline compound characterized by both hydroxyl (-OH) and carboxylic acid (-COOH) functional groups attached to a benzene ring. With a molecular formula of C7H6O3, this compound exhibits notable physical and chemical properties, such as excellent solubility in alcohols and ether while being sparingly soluble in water. One of the most significant applications of 3-hydroxybenzoic acid lies in the pharmaceutical industry. It is widely known for its effectiveness in treating skin conditions due to its anti-inflammatory and keratolytic properties. Salicylic acid is a common ingredient in topical formulations for acne treatment, psoriasis, and warts, often used in concentrations ranging from 0.5% to 2%. Its ability to promote exfoliation of the skin and unblock pores makes it an essential component in many dermatological products. In addition to its medicinal uses, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid is utilized in synthesizing various organic compounds, including dyes, fragrances, and food preservatives. The compound can serve as a precursor for the synthesis of more complex molecules through reactions such as esterification, amide formation, and more. In the dye industry, it is employed in producing azo dyes, which are crucial for textile coloration. Furthermore, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid finds applications in materials science, where it is explored for use in polymer chemistry. Its incorporation into polymer matrices can enhance mechanical and thermal properties, making it useful in developing high-performance materials. Overall, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid exemplifies the versatility of aromatic acids in diverse fields. Its relevance in pharmaceuticals, organic synthesis, and materials science highlights its importance as a building block in advancing research and product development across multiple sectors.