4-Nitrophenyl Beta-D-glucuronide CAS:10344-94-2

Detection of β-glucuronidase activity: 4-NPBG is commonly used as a chromogenic substrate to assess the presence and activity of β-glucuronidase in various biological samples. The enzyme cleaves the glycosidic bond of 4-NPBG, producing 4-nitrophenol, which can be measured using spectrophotometry.

Drug metabolism studies: Since β-glucuronidase plays a crucial role in the metabolism of drugs and xenobiotics, 4-NPBG can be used to assess the activity of this enzyme in drug metabolism studies. It helps in understanding the extent and kinetics of glucuronidation reactions, which are important for drug clearance and bioavailability.

Toxicology studies: Some toxicological compounds can be metabolized and excreted in the form of glucuronide conjugates. By using 4-NPBG as a substrate, researchers can examine the activity of β-glucuronidase in different tissues or cell lines to evaluate the potential toxicity or adverse effects of compounds.

Clinical diagnostics: The measurement of β-glucuronidase activity using 4-NPBG can be utilized in clinical settings to diagnose certain diseases or conditions. Abnormal levels or activity of β-glucuronidase may indicate certain genetic disorders, liver dysfunction, or cancer.