5,5-Dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) CAS:69-78-3

5,5-Dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid), also known as DTNB or Ellman’s reagent, is a chemical compound commonly used in biochemical and pharmaceutical research. It is a yellow, crystalline powder that is highly soluble in water and organic solvents.

DTNB is primarily used to measure the concentration of sulfhydryl (-SH) groups in proteins and peptides. The compound reacts with thiols, resulting in the formation of a mixed disulfide and releasing 2-nitro-5-thiobenzoate, which has a yellow color that can be measured spectrophotometrically. By quantifying the intensity of the yellow color, it is possible to estimate the concentration of thiols in a sample. This technique is often used to study protein-protein interactions, protein folding, and enzymatic reactions that involve thiol groups.

In addition to thiol quantification, DTNB has been employed in other applications, such as evaluating the redox state of cells, studying the stability of metal-sulfur compounds, and measuring the activity of various enzymes.

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Application and Effect

Thiol Quantification: DTNB is commonly used to assess the concentration of thiols in protein samples. This information is important for studying protein-protein interactions, protein folding, and enzymatic reactions involving thiol groups. The colorimetric response of DTNB allows for the quantification of thiols through spectrophotometric measurements.

Evaluation of Redox State: DTNB has been employed to evaluate the redox state within cells, tissues, or biological samples. By measuring changes in thiol concentration, researchers can gain insights into oxidative stress, antioxidant activity, and redox signaling pathways.

Enzyme Assays: The unique reactivity of DTNB with thiols makes it a valuable tool for enzyme assays. Many enzymes, such as glutathione-S-transferases, cystathionine-γ-lyase, and thioredoxin reductase, are thiol-dependent and can be quantified or assayed using DTNB.

Stability Analysis of Metal-Sulfur Compounds: DTNB is used to assess the stability and reactivity of metal-sulfur complexes and metalloproteins. The compound can detect and quantify the presence of thiols involved in the chelation of metal ions, providing crucial information about metal-sulfur interactions and coordination chemistry.

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Additional Information:

Composition	C14H8N2O8S2
Assay	99%
Appearance	Yellow solid
CAS No.	69-78-3
Packing	Small and bulk
Shelf Life	2 years
Storage	Store in cool and dry area
Certification	ISO.