1,4-Butanediol (BDO) is a colorless, odorless, and viscous liquid with the chemical formula C4H10O2. It is classified as a diol due to the presence of two hydroxyl (-OH) groups at the 1 and 4 positions of a four-carbon chain. 1,4-Butanediol is widely used as an intermediate in the production of various chemicals, including plastics, solvents, and pharmaceuticals. It serves as a key building block for polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and other polymeric materials. Additionally, BDO has applications in the manufacture of adhesives, coatings, and fuel additives, making it an important compound in many industrial sectors.