Heparin sodium CAS:9041-08-1

Effect on clotting: Heparin sodium works by inhibiting the formation of blood clots. It binds to antithrombin, a natural protein in the body, and enhances its ability to inactivate clotting factors, specifically thrombin and factor Xa. This prevents the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin, the formation of thrombin, and the subsequent formation of blood clots.

Prevention of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE): Heparin sodium is frequently used to prevent blood clots from forming in the veins (DVT) and subsequently traveling to the lungs (PE). It is commonly administered as a prophylactic treatment prior to surgeries, during hospitalizations, or in patients at high risk for clot formation.

Treatment of existing blood clots: Heparin sodium can also be used therapeutically to treat existing blood clots. In these cases, it helps to prevent the growth of the clot and decrease the risk of complications, such as stroke or heart attack.

Hemodialysis and extracorporeal circulation: Heparin sodium is utilized during hemodialysis and extracorporeal circulation procedures to prevent clotting of the blood outside the body. It is added to the dialysate or circulated through a cardiopulmonary bypass machine to prevent clotting within these devices.

Monitoring of anticoagulant therapy: Heparin sodium is also used to monitor the effectiveness of other anticoagulant medications, such as warfarin. The partial thromboplastin time (PTT) or activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) can be measured to ensure therapeutic levels of anticoagulation and to adjust the dosage accordingly.

Prophylaxis in pregnancy and certain medical conditions: Heparin sodium may be prescribed to pregnant women who are at high risk for blood clotting disorders, such as deep vein thrombosis or recurrent miscarriages. It is also used in individuals with certain medical conditions, such as antiphospholipid syndrome or some cardiac conditions, to prevent the formation of blood clots.