1,5-Pentanediol is an organic compound characterized by the formula C5H12O2. It belongs to the family of diols, featuring two hydroxyl (–OH) groups at the first and fifth carbon positions in a five-carbon straight-chain structure. This colorless, hygroscopic liquid is soluble in water and a variety of organic solvents. 1,5-Pentanediol is primarily used in the synthesis of polyesters and polyurethanes, making it valuable in various industrial applications. Additionally, it serves as a solvent, plasticizer, and moisture-retaining agent in cosmetics and personal care products, contributing to its growing importance in the chemical industry.