Calcium sulfate (CaSO₄) is an inorganic compound that occurs naturally in several forms, including gypsum (dihydrate), anhydrite (dehydrate), and plaster of Paris (hemihydrate). It is a white, odorless powder or crystalline solid. Calcium sulfate is widely utilized in various industries due to its excellent binding properties, non-toxic nature, and ability to absorb moisture. Its versatility makes it an essential material in construction, agriculture, and food processing.