PYRIDINE-2-CARBOXYLIC ACID HYDRAZIDE CAS:1452-63-7

Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid hydrazide, commonly referred to as isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH), is a noteworthy organic compound with the molecular formula C6H7N3O. This compound consists of a hydrazide functional group (-NH-NH2) attached to pyridine-2-carboxylic acid, giving it a unique structure that contributes to its diverse chemical properties and biological activities. Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid hydrazide typically manifests as a white crystalline solid, exhibiting solubility in water and various organic solvents, which facilitates its application in pharmaceutical formulations. The most prominent application of pyridine-2-carboxylic acid hydrazide lies in its role as an antitubercular agent. Since its introduction in the 1950s, INH has been extensively used as a first-line treatment for tuberculosis (TB). Its mechanism of action involves the inhibition of mycolic acid synthesis in the bacterial cell wall of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, effectively stopping the growth and replication of the bacteria. Due to its efficacy, INH is often employed in combination with other antitubercular drugs to enhance treatment outcomes, reduce the risk of resistance, and improve patient compliance. In addition to its antitubercular properties, pyridine-2-carboxylic acid hydrazide has been explored for other potential biological activities, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. Ongoing research aims to uncover further therapeutic applications and mechanisms of action associated with this compound. Moreover, pyridine-2-carboxylic acid hydrazide serves as a valuable building block in organic synthesis, allowing for the creation of novel derivatives with enhanced pharmacological properties. Its structural framework enables chemists to conduct various chemical transformations, broadening the scope of compounds available for drug discovery. Despite its utility, safety considerations are paramount when handling pyridine-2-carboxylic acid hydrazide, as it may pose certain health risks. Adhering to proper laboratory safety protocols, including appropriate personal protective equipment, is essential. In summary, pyridine-2-carboxylic acid hydrazide is a multifaceted compound with significant implications in medicinal chemistry, particularly as an antitubercular agent, while also serving as a crucial intermediate in synthetic chemistry.